A Comparative Assessment Between Gel Card and Conventional Tube Method for Blood Cross Matching at Blood Bank of Tertiary Care Hospital Lahore
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59058/cpjqce94Keywords:
Gel card technology, Conventional tube technique, Blood grouping and Cross match, Blood transfusionAbstract
Background and Objective: Blood grouping and Cross match is a critical procedure in blood banks with significant implications for patient safety during blood transfusions. Cross match plays a pivotal role in safeguarding patients undergoing blood transfusions, ensuring that the transfused blood is compatible, and minimizing the risk of adverse reactions. The Gel card technique, a recent innovation in blood bank practices, is distinguished by its exceptional sensitivity and accuracy in delivering results. The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the Gel card technique with the traditional saline tube method in the context of blood bank cross matching.
Methods: A cross sectional study was performed at blood bank of Shalamar Hospital Lahore from January 2021 to June 2021. Cross match of 500 samples was performed using both the traditional tube method and the advanced gel card technique. Data were entered in SPSS and the results of both tests were compared.
Results: In this study, 500 blood samples from patients were analyzed. The frequency distribution among males and females showed 42.6% (n=213) and 57.4% (n=287), respectively. ABO blood group distribution revealed B-positive in 38% (n=190), O-positive in 24% (n=120), A-positive in 20% (n=100), AB-positive in 7.6% (n=38), and B-negative in 1.8% (n=09), A -negative in 1.2% (n=06) and O-negative in 7.4% (n=37)of the blood samples submitted to blood bank for cross match . During the cross-match procedure using both Conventional Tube Test (CTT) and gel card technique, 497 recipient samples were found compatible with the donor, while 3 samples were incompatible with the recipient sample. Both the manual cross-match technique (CTT) and the gel card cross-match technique demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity, indicating perfect concordance in correctly identifying all compatible and incompatible cases
Conclusion: The Conventional Tube method for cross-match is comparable to the gel card technique in terms of sensitivity and specificity while performing pre transfusion testing in blood bank .However, Conventional Tube testing is economical and can still be utilized in low-budget; resource-limited laboratories with good results, provided performers are trained and skilled.
Keyword: Gel card technology, Conventional tube technique, Blood grouping and Cross match, Blood transfusion
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